http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/98 2026-04-21T03:41:23Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1273 EFFECTS OF SOCIAL-MEDIA-DELIVERED INTERVENTION ON EXPOSURE TO PORNOGRAPHY AND RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS AMONG STUDENTS OF SELECTED TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN OYO AND LAGOS STATES OLALEYE, OLADIPUPO SAMUEL Exposure to pornography is fraught with health and social implications. A major source of this exposure is the Social Media (SM) platforms, which are widely used by young people. In Nigeria, there is inadequate information on the effects of SM-delivered-intervention in facilitating behavioural changeamong young persons. Previous interventions through these platforms among them have largely focused on career development. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of SM-delivered-educational intervention on exposure to pornography and RiskySexual Behaviours (RSB) among students of selected tertiary institutions in Oyo and Lagos States. The quasi-experimental study was conducted in two purposively selected public polytechnics in Oyo and Lagos States which were allocated into Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG), respectively. A four-stage simple random sampling technique was used to select 200 students (EG=101; CG=99) for interview at baseline, out of which 159 students (EG=81; CG=78) were interviewed at post-intervention. Baseline data collected with a validated self-administered questionnaire included: socio-demographic characteristics, lifetime and recent (last one month) Advertent Exposure to Pornography (AEP), a 20-point scale on Effects of Exposure to Pornography (EEP),12-point Self-efficacy to Prevent Intentional Exposure to Pornography (SePIEP) and 10-point RSB scales. Scores ≤9 and >9 were categorised as low and high SePIEP, respectively. Baseline findings were used to design and implement a four-month educational intervention using WhatsApp which was found to be the most commonly used SM platform. Post-intervention survey was conducted after one-month follow-up using the instrument earlier used at the baseline. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and t-test at α0.05. Respondents’ ages were 21.3±2.7 and 21.4±2.7 years, while males included 61.4% and 70.7% in EG and CG, respectively. At baseline, lifetime AEP was 61.4% and 88.1% in EG and CG, respectively. Recent AEP significantly decreased in the EG from 53.2% to 25.9% between baseline and post-intervention but increased in CG from 36.6% to 47.2% with no significant difference. There was a significant increase in mean knowledge of EEP in EG from 12.9±3.8 to 15.6±4.7, while it remained the same in the CG comparing baseline (13.9±3.6) with post-intervention (13.9±4.4). The EG showed a significant increase in mean score of SePIEP from 9.7±2.8 to 11.5±1.4 while CG decreased from 10.0±2.1 to 9.9±2.0 at follow-up.High SePIEP was 66.3% (EG) and 65.6% (CG) at the baseline and this significantly increased to 93.8% in EG compared with 75.5% in CG at post-intervention. Experience of sexual intercourse in previous three months at the baseline was 57.9% and 47.2% in the EG and CG respectively, and at post-intervention, this significantly decreased to 16.7% in EG compared with 52.4% increase in CG. Mean score on RSB significantly decreased from 4.2±2.6 to 2.4±1.4 in EG while CG increased from 3.7±2.3 to 4.2±2.8, comparing baseline with post-intervention. Social media-delivered-intervention was effective in reducing exposure to pornography and risky sexual behaviours among the respondents in the experimental group. Interventions using social media are therefore recommended for risky reproductive health issues of young persons in Lagos and Oyo States. 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1271 EFFECTS OF TWO TRAINING APPROACHES ON BREAST SELF EXAMINATION FOR CANCER DETECTION AMONG WOMEN IN SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS IN IBADAN BAIYEWU, Sakinat Tope Breast Cancer (BC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women especially in developing countries. Late detection and presentation of BC result in poor treatment outcomes. Breast Self-examination (BSE) is a cost-effective screening method recommended for early BC detection in developing countries. Currently, the effects of trained Role-Model Mothers (RMMs) and Community Health Extension Workers (CHEWs) in educating Community Women (CW) on BSE is rarely documented. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the effects of training approaches by RMMs and CHEWs on knowledge, attitude and practice of BSE among CW in three semi-urban Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ibadan, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental design and multi-stage sampling technique were adopted in this study. Three semi-urban LGAs were randomly selected out of the six in Ibadan and allocated by balloting into Experimental Group I (EGI): Ido LGA, Experimental Group II (EGII): Akinyele LGA and Control Group (CG): Egbeda LGA. One hundred CW were randomly recruited from each LGA. Ten Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted among the CW in each study LGA. Quantitative data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered semi structured questionnaire which included 29-point knowledge, 14-point attitude and 12-point practice scales. Knowledge scores of ≤14 and >14 were categorised as poor and good, respectively. Attitude scores of ≤7 were categorized as negative and >7 as positive. Practice scores ≤6 were considered wrong and >6 as correct. Baseline results were used in designing interventions for CW. Ten RMMs in EGI and 10 CHEWs in EGII conducted a weekly training for CW on BSE for six months in form of lectures, step-wise demonstration and return demonstration using breast models. Post-intervention evaluation was conducted on the CW in the three study groups using the same instrument. Qualitative data was analysed using a thematic approach while quantitative data was analysed with ANOVA, paired t-test and independent sample t-test at α0.05. Respondents‘ mean ages across the three groups were 40.3±9.7, 39.4±9.2 and 31.8±7.7 years in EGI, EGII and CG, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of respondents had tertiary education in CG (46.0%) compared to EGI (34.0%) and EGII (12.0%) (p<0.001). The FGD revealed misconceptions about BC and BSE including being caused by spiritual forces, putting money in braziers and wearing fairly-used braziers. Mean scores of knowledge (EGI:11.4±4.2; EGII:11.7±4.2; CG:13.0±4.8; p=0.067), attitude (EGI:5.2±1.8; EGII:5.1±1.80; CG:4.5±1.1; p=0.125) and practice (EGI:3.3±1.7; EGII:3.8±1.8; CG:3.9±1.9; p=0.467); were obtained at baseline. At endline, these scores significantly improved across the three study groups (p<0.05) with higher improvement in EGI and EGII [Mean scores of knowledge (EGI:19.8±3.7; EGII:18.5±3.4; CG:14.3±2.4; p=0.018), attitude (EGI:11.7±1.8; EGII:11.3±1.5; CG:7.4±1.2; p=0.027), and practice (EGI:10.0±2.7; EGII:8.8±2.6; CG: 6.09±1.64; p=0.018)]. There were no significant differences in knowledge and attitude between CW in the two experimental groups but CW in EGI demonstrated a significant difference in practice (p<0.001). Role-Model Mothers improved Breast Self-examination practice among community women. They should be formally engaged as trainers for Breast Self-examination practice at community level to promote early detection of Breast Cancer. 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/277 INFLUENCE OF MEN’S PARTICIPATION IN CHILDCARE TASKS ON THEIR CHILDBEARING INTENTIONS IN IBADAN NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OYO STATE, NIGERIA EKECHUKWU, ESTHER CHINONSO Nigeria has an annual population growth rate of 2.6 and a relatively high Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 5.6 due to its larger family size. Men’s fertility desire is a strong determinant of family sizes, but it is women that perform greater share of childcare activities. The potential relationship between the desire for childbearing and the responsibility of early childcare between spouses has not been adequately explored. This study was therefore designed to determine the extent to which the division of childcare tasks between spouses influences men’s childbearing intentions in Ibadan North Local Government Area (LGA), Oyo state Nigeria. A four-stage sampling technique was used to select 179 couples living together with their two children and whose index child was less than two years old. Data was collected from 20 communities in the LGA using a semi-structured questionnaire, which measured participation in identified childcare tasks (feeding, bathing, changing diaper-toileting, putting to bed, getting up to attend to child at night, taking child to health providers, disciplining child, paying bills), with the index child and desired family size. Men’s involvement in childcare tasks was measured on a 30-point scale. Task performance was classified as “high” >20, “average” 11-20, and “Poor” 0-10. Six Focus Group Discussions (three male and three female groups) were conducted to complement the quantitative data. Descriptive statistics, and logistic regression were used to analyse the quantitative data while the FGD data were analysed using the thematic approach. The mean ages of men and their wives were 33.5±1.5 and 28.6±5.0 years respectively. Majority of couples were married (85.7%), 94.1% were Yoruba and overall 44.2% had secondary education. Men’s mean monthly income was N24828.00±20485.00 compared with their wives N16920.00±11797.00. Men’s mean desired family size was higher (4.7±1.6) than that of their wives (4.1±1.3) as 69.5% of the men desired more than four children compared to 53.0% of the wives who had such desire. Overall, 33.0%, 46.9% and 20.1% of the women expected their husbands to perform few, some and most identified childcare tasks respectively. However, 44.7%, 36.0% and 19.3% of male respondents performed few, some and most identified childcare tasks with the index child respectively as validated by their wives. Men’s participation in childcare task, high spousal monthly income and increased spousal educational status were significantly associated with men’s desire for small family size (P<0.05). Men’s participation in childcare task (OR=2.43, C.I: 1.91-6.44) and Relegion (OR=0.278, C.I: 0.14-0.54) were strong predictors of their desired family size. Majority of FGD discussants acknowledged minimal involvement of most men in childcare activities because it increases their stressload, hence their positive inclination for large family sizes. Greater participation of men in childcare tasks decreases their desires for further childbearing. Innovative strategies for promoting male participation in childcare with a view to reducing desired family size are advocated. Keywords: Male involvement, childbearing intention, Desired family size, Childcare tasks Word count: 463 2012-09-01T00:00:00Z