Clinical Sciences

OUTCOME OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY LITERACY TRAINING ON NURSE EDUCATORS’ ADOPTION AND USAGE OF MULTIMEDIA TEACHING AIDS IN OGUN STATE SCHOOLS OF NURSING

2024-10-17T10:32:08Z

OUTCOME OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY LITERACY TRAINING ON NURSE EDUCATORS’ ADOPTION AND USAGE OF MULTIMEDIA TEACHING AIDS IN OGUN STATE SCHOOLS OF NURSING LAWAL, Clara Olufolake Information Communication Technology (ICT) is rapidly evolving globally especially in teaching and learning. Judicious use of ICT is ensured by the addition of multimedia teaching aids during teacher-learner interactions. Available report shows that the use of multimedia aids enhances teachers’ skills and students’ retention. However, nurse educators in Schools of Nursing (SON) still use their old traditional teaching methods and do not adopt ICT in teaching. Little is known about the effects of literacy training on nurses’ adoption and usage of ICT in teaching. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the outcomes of ICT literacy training on nurse educators’ adoption and usage of multimedia teaching This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the four SON in Ogun State. Sacred Heart Abeokuta and Ilaro were assigned by balloting into the Experimental Group (EG n=20), while Ijebu-Ode and Abeokuta were categorised as Control Group (CG n=20).(Total enumeration).Structured questionnaire was used to collect data. At Pre- Intervention (P1), availability, Perceived Skills (PS), Perceived Ease of Use (PEoU), Adoption and Usage (AU) of multimedia aid were assessed in the EG and CG. At intervention, EG received ICT training using researcher designed training aid consisting of three modules: information technology, nursing informatics and PowerPoint presentation. Three modules lectures for the EG were given weekly for four weeks, while CG had a review of traditional teaching methods as the EG. Post Intervention data (P2) was taken at the end of intervention. Frequency count was used to assess availability of ICT. Using a 56-point scale, PS was categorised as highly skilled ≥43 and no skill ≤14. Using an 11-point scale, PEoU was categorised as high ≥9 and low ≤.3. Using 11-point scale, AU was categorised as high ≥ 9 and no adoption ≤4. Attitude was categorised as negative < 30 and positive ≥30. For PEoU and AU, mean scores per group were obtained and compared. Hypotheses were tested using student’s t-test at α0.05 Majority of the participants were female (EG =80%, CG= 85%), at nurse educators’ cadre (EG= 65%, CG= 80%). Computer and projectors were the most available. Computer EG=100%, CG=90%; projector EG=100 %, CG=95%). There was significant increase in perceived skills in EG (Mean score in ICT at P1=24.5 ± 9.2 and P2=43.3 (±5.5), but not in CG (Mean score in ICT at P1=24.9±6.3 and P2=22.3±5.1), suggesting an increase in skills as a result of the ICT training. At P2, PEoU was significantly different (EG= 9.6±1.3 and CG= 6.1±1.4). There was a significant change in attitude in both groups (At P1 and P2, respectively, EG= 21±1.7 and 23.2±2.1; CG= 20.6 ±2.8 and 21.5±1.8). There was also a significant increase in the mean score in AU (At P1 and P2, respectively, EG= 7.5±1.0 and 10.5 ±1.9; CG=6.4±1.8 and 7.2±1.50) suggesting improved usage of multimedia aids Information communication technology literacy training improved the adoption and usage of multimedia teaching aids by nurse educators in Ogun State

EFFECTS OF STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ON BIOCHEMICAL INDICES, DISEASES RISK SCORES AND COST OF CARE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADULTS

2024-04-24T17:17:22Z

EFFECTS OF STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ON BIOCHEMICAL INDICES, DISEASES RISK SCORES AND COST OF CARE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADULTS ALIYU, Emmanuel Samuel Overweight and obesity are global problems associated with a myriad of non-communicable diseases. Physical Activity (PA) is known to have positive effects on some Biochemical Indices (BI) of overweight and obese adults. However, studies comparing the effects of structured and unstructured PAs on BI, Disease Risk Scores (DRS) and Cost of Care (CoC) of overweight and obese adults in Nigeria are sparse. This study was conducted to compare the effects of structured and unstructured PA on BI, DRS and CoC of overweight and obese adults. Forty-nine overweight and obese adults participated in a12-week randomised clinical trial. They were recruited from Gwagwalada Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja; and randomly assigned into Structured PA Group [SPAG] (n=25) and Unstructured PA Group [UPAG] (n=24). Intervention consisted of thrice a week flexibility, resistance and aerobic exercises using the Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group’s protocol for SPAG. Participants in UPAG underwent daily self-paced walking activity monitored with a pedometer. High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL, mmol/L), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L), Total Cholesterol (TC, mmol/L), Triglycerides (mmol/L), Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG, mmol/L), Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c, %), Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST, IU/L) and Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT, IU/L); DRS [Framingham Risk Scores (FRS) for cardiovascular disease, Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores (FINDRISC) for diabetes, Hypertension Risk Score (HRS) for hypertension] and cost of obesity for CoC (₦) were measured at baseline, 6th (except HbA1c) and 12th week using standard procedures, instruments and outcome measures. Data were analysed using Repeated Measure ANOVA, paired sample t-test and independent t-test at α0.05. Participants in SPAG (43.48±6.85 years) and UPAG (44.88±7.54 years) were comparable in age. Baseline variables of SPAG and UPAG for BI [HDL=1.13;1.23, LDL=4.28;3.74, TC=5.11;5.05, Triglyceride=1.54;1.54, FBG=6.80;6.60, HbA1c=4.7;4.9, AST=11.04;11.46, ALT=8.00;7.75], DRS [FRS=8.12;8.04, FINDRISC=13.16;14.00, HRS=12.20;12.08] and CoC=135,200.00;179,266.67, respectively, were also comparable. At the 12th week, all the BI were not significantly different from the baseline in the two groups except HDL (1.13±0.31,1.24±0.29; 1.23±0.35,1.41±0.28), which increased significantly in both groups and AST (11.04±1.34,9.84±0.94;11.46±1.62,10.67±1.05), which decreased significantly in both groups. All the DRS were not significantly different between SPAG and UPAG at the 12th week. There was a significant reduction in CoC at the 12th week in SPAG (66,822.00±38,822.65) than UPAG (135,712.50 ±75,752.39). Within group comparison for SPAG showed that cardiovascular disease (8.12±3.95; 5.48±3.63), diabetes (13.16±2.34; 7.88±2.73) and hypertension (12.20±3.30; 7.16±2.36) risk scores were significantly reduced at the 12th week. Similarly, within-group comparison for UPAG showed that cardiovascular disease (8.04±3.91; 5.54±3.27), diabetes (14.00±2.21; 9.00±2.86) and hypertension (12.08±3.09; 7.33±2.01) risk scores were significantly reduced across the study periods. The CoC within SPAG at baseline (135,200.00±50,372.48) was significantly reduced (66,822.00±38,822.65) across the study periods, but the reduction in CoC within UPAG was not significant. Structured and unstructured physical activity reduced the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and hypertension and impacted positively on selected biochemical indices of overweight and obese adults. However, structured physical activity was superior to unstructured physical activity in reducing the cost of care in overweight and obese adults.

EFFECTS OF COMBINED McKENZIE TECHNIQUE AND LUMBAR STABILISATION EXERCISE ON SELECTED PSYCHOSOCIAL AND CLINICAL VARIABLES OF INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN

2024-04-24T17:13:06Z

EFFECTS OF COMBINED McKENZIE TECHNIQUE AND LUMBAR STABILISATION EXERCISE ON SELECTED PSYCHOSOCIAL AND CLINICAL VARIABLES OF INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN NUDAMAJO, Oluwasegun Sunday Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain (CMLBP) is a major health condition whose management poses a challenge to clinicians. Literature suggests specific therapeutic exercise types to achieve effective management, although the best type of exercise remains controversial. McKenzie Exercise (ME) and Lumbar Stabilisation Exercise (LSE) have been reported to be effective in the management of CMLBP. There is paucity of information on the effectiveness of combined ME and LSE in CMLBP. Given that majority of individuals with CMLBP have recurrent pain resulting in fear-avoidance, investigating the effect of Combined McKenzie and Lumbar Stabilisation Exercises (CMLSE) on fear avoidance beliefs is pivotal. The effects of eight-week CMLSE, ME, and LSE on selected psychosocial and clinical variables of individuals experiencing CMLBP were investigated. Participants in the single-blind 8-week randomised controlled trial were 142 consecutively sampled individuals with CMLBP recruited from LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, UniOsun Teaching Hospital, and State Specialist Hospital, Osogbo. Participants were randomly assigned to ME Group (MEG), LSE Group (LSEG), and CMLSE Group (CMLSEG). The MEG (n=47) received ME for posterior derangement, LSEG (n=47) received LSE, while CMLSEG (n=48) received CMLSE. Age was recorded, weight and height were measured using standard procedures, and BMI was calculated. Pain intensity, functional disability, and fear avoidance beliefs to physical activity and work were assessed using the Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, and Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire, respectively. Participants were treated twice weekly, assessed at baseline, and at end of fourth and eighth weeks of study. Data were summarised with descriptive statistics, and analysed using ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA, with Bonferroni post-hoc test at α= 0.05 Participants’ age was 53.00±12.00years. Age, weight, height, and BMI of participant’s in the three groups were comparable. At the end of week four, MEG and LSEG compared to CMLSEG had significantly lower pain scores (28.87±13.73, 26.01±14.79, 37.64±14.58), functional disability scores (14.47±10.62, 15.54±12.36, 22.94±11.76), fear avoidance beliefs to physical activity (10.85±2.08, 11.32±3.79, 13.46±3.16), and work scores (8.02±6.03, 8.98±9.13, 15.02±11.08). At the end of eight week eight, MEG had significantly lower functional disability score (3.04±4.07) than LSEG (6.36±8.40) and CMLSEG (7.57±6.74), and fear avoidance beliefs to work score (0.45±1.02) than LSEG (2.80±6.85), and CMLSEG (3.98±4.39), respectively. At the end of week eight, groups were not significantly different in pain scores (8.80±7.11, 14.13±14.68, 13.19±8.58), and fear avoidance beliefs to physical activity scores (6.70±1.77, 8.53±4.23, 8.67±5.74) for MEG, LSEG, and CMLSEG, respectively. Combined McKenzie and lumbar stabilisation exercises is not effective in producing better treatment outcomes for functional disability and fear avoidance beliefs to work in the management of chronic mechanical low back pain. McKenzie exercise is recommended for effective management of functional disability and fear avoidance beliefs to work in individuals with chronic mechanical low back pain.

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF OVERGROUND WALKING EXERCISE AND COGNITIVE REHABILITATION ON COGNITION, BRAINDERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR, QUALITY OF LIFE AND PARTICIPATION RESTRICTION AMONG STROKE SURVIVORS

2024-04-24T17:08:36Z

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF OVERGROUND WALKING EXERCISE AND COGNITIVE REHABILITATION ON COGNITION, BRAINDERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR, QUALITY OF LIFE AND PARTICIPATION RESTRICTION AMONG STROKE SURVIVORS ABBA, Muhammad Aliyu Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment (PSCI) is a major cause of disability, dependence on Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Participation Restriction (PR) and poor Quality of Life (QoL). Evidence has shown that the gold standard for PSCI rehabilitation is Cognitive Rehabilitation (CR). Studies have also shown that aerobic exercises with treadmills and bicycle ergometers are effective in the management of PSCI. However, only few studies have examined the effects of Overground Walking Exercise (OWE), which is an inexpensive, accessible and natural form of aerobic exercise. This study was conducted to investigate the comparative effects of an eight-week OWE and Cognitive Rehabilitation (CR) on cognition, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), QoL and PR among stroke survivors. The study design was randomised-controlled trial, which involved 53 stroke survivors with mild-tomoderate cognitive impairments, purposively recruited from three tertiary hospitals in Kano, and randomly assigned into three groups using computer-generated random numbers. The participants received moderate-intensity self-paced OWE, Zoltan protocol CR and combined interventions in the respective groups (OWEG=17, CRG=18 and OWECRG=18). Each group received thrice weekly interventions for eight weeks. About 5 ml venous blood sample was collected aseptically, allowed to clot and centrifuged to harvest the serum sample. Cognition, serum BDNF (ng/ml), QoL and PR were assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique, Stroke-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire and London Handicap Scale, respectively at baseline, 4th week and 8th week. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. Age of participants was 48.42±27.39 years. At baseline, duration since stroke onset was 26.70±27.25 months. The OWEG, CRG and OWECRG were comparable in cognition (18.06±3.60; 19.00±3.90; 19.50±3.85); BDNF levels (13.05±8.27; 13.81±11.04; 9.54±6.46); QoL (191.00±28.85; 202.72±28.83; 197.44±39.83) and PR (12.06±4.02; 10.39±4.24; 10.56±3.31) at baseline. Within-group comparisons at week 4 showed significant improvements in cognition (20.53±2.83; 22.78±3.95; 22.44±3.37); BDNF levels (13.88±8.26; 15.62±12.98; 11.54± 9.17) and QoL (202.24±22.49; 211±21.99; 204.17±41.24) for the OWEG, CRG and OWECRG, respectively. The PR significantly decreased to 9.00±2.45; 9.56±2.73 and 9.44±3.47 at week 4 for the OWEG, CRG and OWECRG, respectively. Similarly, within-group comparisons at week 8 showed significant improvements in cognition (26.24±2.51; 25.22±3.26; 25.17±3.47); BDNF levels (14.69±8.85; 18.13±14.96; 13.35±10.56) and QoL (243.53±17.84; 222.89±18.35; 221.28±25.72) for the OWEG, CRG and OWECRG, respectively. There were significant reductions in PR to 7.24±2.05; 8.39±2.70; 8.39±2.43 at week 8 for the OWEG, CRG and OWECRG, respectively. There was no significant across-group difference in cognition, BDNF levels and PR. The percentage mean changes at week 8 in cognition (45.3%, 32.7%, 30.5%) and PR (40.0%, 19.3%, 20.6%) were highest for the OWEG, while the percentage mean change in BDNF level was highest in the OWECRG (12.6%, 31.3%, 38.3%). There was a significant across-group difference in QoL at week 8, with the best improvement observed in the OWEG. Overground walking exercise, cognitive rehabilitation and a combination of both had comparable positive effects on cognition, level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and participation. However, overground walking exercise resulted in better improvement in participants’ quality of life.